Once
a great empire, Iran has been traditionally known to the world as
Persia. Archeological findings have placed knowledge of Iranian
prehistory at middle Paleolithic times (100,000 years ago). Iran was a
major transit route on the famous trade Silk Road. Despite millennia of
historical upheavals and foreign invaders, Iran has maintained its
national and cultural identity as one of the seats of civilization. In
1979, the monarchy regime was toppled down in the revolutionary movement
and the nation chose an Islamic republic system of government at a
referendum.